Brain Functioning Table Essay

A neuron is a cell in the brain or another part of the nervous system that transmits information to other cells. nerve cell cells ar the information processing components of the brain responsible for receiving and transmitting information. Each part of the neuron plays a role in the communication of information passim the body. NeurotransmittersA neurotransmitter is a chemical substance through which one neuron sends a message to another. Neurotransmitters be transmitters that give off chemical reactions to neurons. There are several types of neurotransmitters and each type controls different functions like muscle control and triggers.AxonAn Axon is a long, arm like structure that transmits information on to still other neurons. The axon is the elongated fiber that extends from the cell body to the terminal endings and transmits the neural signal. The larger the axon, the faster it transmits information.Myelin typesetters caseMyelin sheath is an insulating envelope of myelin that surrounds the core of a nerve fiber or axon and that facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses, formed from the cell membrane of the Schwann cell in the peripheral nervous system and from oligodendroglia cells. Myelin sheaths three main functions include are protection of the nerve fiber, insulation of the nerve fiber and increase the rate of conduction of nerve impulses.DendritesDendrites are a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses generated from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body. Dendrites are treelike extensions at the beginning of a neuron thathelp increase the surface area of the cell body. These tiny protrusions receive information from other neurons and transmit electrical stimulation to the soma.SynapsesSynapses are junctions between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter. To connect two neurons by providing a space between an axon terminal of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, so neurotransmitters that are released by an axon terminal can diffuse across that space to reach the dendrite and either initiate the possibility of the second neuron to beset or cause a muscle cell to contract.CortexA cortex is the upper part of the brain site of complex, conscious thinking processes. The noetic cortex is involved in numerous functions of the body including determining intelligence, determining personality, motor function, planning and organization, and touch sensation.SynaptogenesisA synaptogenesis is the universal process in advance(prenominal) brain tuition in which many new synapses form spontaneously. Synaptogenesis is a process involving the formation of a neurotransmitter release site in the presynaptic neuron and a receptive field at the postsynaptic partners, and the precise alignment of pre- and post-synaptic specializations.Synaptic pruningA synaptic pruning is a universa process in brain development in which many p reviously formed synapses wither away. Synaptic pruning refer to neurological regulatory processes, which facilitate changes in neural structure by reducing the overall number of neurons and synapses, leaving more efficient synaptic configurations. Pruning is a process that is a general feature of mammalian neurological development.MyelinationA myelination is the growth of a fatty sheath (myelin) around the axons of neurons, enabling faster transmission of electrical impulses. The myelin sheath is a protective practical application that surrounds fibers called axons, the long thin projections that extend from the main body of a nerve cell or neuron. .ReferenceOrmrod, J. (2014). Educational psychology Developing learners. (8th ed., pp. 22-24). Pearson Education, Inc.